which of the following statements is true about correctional officers?

To which of the following due process protections are they NOT entitled? Community corrections refers to adults on probation or parole. __ A case that involves one person who has a dispute with another person or entity. Instances of prison sex can be divided into three basic categories. There are many common personality types that have been identified in correctional officers. What items most often assumes the symbolic value of money in the sub-rosa economy of a prison? The_______has the highest per capita incarcerationrate in the world. ET for the sentencing for Alex Murdaugh. [9] Although the number of persons who have ever injected drugs is not routinely assessed in prison populations, a 2004 Bureau of Justice Special Report noted that 23% of persons in state prisonsand 18% of individuals in federal prisonsreported ever having used heroin/opiates. These officers are an underutilized resource, perhaps because of the public's misunderstanding of their role. True or False? Provide the inmate with date, time, and location of first post-release appointment in writing. The numbers for each year represent a sample taken at one point in time and represent persons with diagnosed HIV. [64,65] Developing new models of prison healthcare, such as telemedicine, that can effectively deliver best-practice HIV medicine to inmates living with HIV, is crucial to ensuring the constitutionally protected right of prisoners to adequate healthcare. In the case of In re Gault, Gerald Gault was charged with? High rates of HIV risk activity coupled with low rates of HIV testing make the community corrections population an important priority for HIV screening and prevention services. [77] Nevertheless, the community corrections population represents an important target for HIV screening and prevention services. The process by which a court arrives at a final decision in a case is called? John Irvin said in 1986 that the purpose of jails was rabble management. A device consisting of nine knotted cords fastened to a wooden handle used for whipping a convicted subject was a Cat-o'-nine tails. Which of the following statements is most true? One study that involved 1,207 men and women who entered jails at 10 sites found that among all subjects who identified as HIV-seropositive, 65% were Black. Inmates' belief that a correctional officer can and will punish disobedience gives the officer __________. This is called _________. The most frequent penalty in the Twelve Tables was? Many prison movies have been made in recent years. Officers who oversee the work of individual inmate work crews are called ____________. Serious crime in the United States continues to go down but the prison poplation continues to go up. These data are for persons 18 years of age and older. The privacy of the individual inmate should be protected to the greatest extent possible, which typically means that medical interviews of inmates should be conducted out of earshot of correctional officers, and the disclosure of protected health information should be limited to situations that directly impact the health and safety of other inmates and/or correctional staff.[51]. HIV Testing Implementation Guidance for Correctional Settings. [41] In a small exploratory study of 42 men and transgender women with HIV who were recently released from correctional centers in Illinois, only about one-half of the men said they reported their HIV status at jail or prison entry and some study participants only disclosed their HIV status to the correctional officers when their health deteriorated. Bureau of Justice Statistics: Office of Justice Programs, U.S. Department of Justice. [4] The demographics of community corrections closely mirrors that of jail and prison settings, with disproportionate representation of poor, disadvantaged, and racial and ethnic minorities. ___________ is/are the common denominator for most offenders in the criminal justice system? According to the text, which of the following statements about corrections officers' unions is true? [1], At any point in time, about twice as many persons are incarcerated in prisons in the United States than in jails (Figure 1), but over the course of a year the number of individuals incarcerated in the jail system far exceeds those incarcerated in prisons (Figure 2); this difference over a year results from the low turnover rates in prisons (longer stays and infrequent releases) versus high turnover rates in jails (shorter stays and frequent releases). The contents are those of the author(s) and do not necessarily represent the official views of, nor an endorsement, by HRSA, HHS, or the U.S. Government. Prisonization is the process by which new inmates learn about the prison subculture. [50] In this setting, however, the use of universal precautions should negate the need for correctional staff outside of health services to know the HIV status of any individual patient. [6] In 2018, among the 1,414,162 persons in prisons, 33% (464,200) were Black and 23% (330,200) were Hispanic. The first juvenile court established in 1899 in? These data are from correctional facilities in 59 CDC-funded Health Department jurisdictions. [31,34,35,36,37] One HIV testing project that included more than 33,000 inmates in four states (Florida, New York, Wisconsin, and Louisiana) identified 269 (0.8%) previously undiagnosed HIV infections, and 40% of them were among inmates whose only reported risk was heterosexual contact; this study underscores why HIV testing based only on reported risk factors will fail to identify a significant proportion of incarcerated persons with HIV. [ 1] The belief that inmate subcultures develop in response to the deprivations in prison life is called? Early release based on the paroling authority's assessment of eligibilty is called _____________. Crime in the United States has continued to increase over the last decade despite our best efforts to control it. signed by an officer. [26,68] Multiple potential interventions can improve linkage to care, including HIV education during incarceration, careful discharge planning, securing stable housing, availability of transportation, employment opportunities, and care for substance use and mental health disorders. Which of the following statements regarding prison subcultures is true? Robert-Francois Damiens was sentenced to be quartered publicly in Paris for attempting to kill? True or False? The "evidence" that evidence based corrections is based on is highly controversial. [47] Financial barriers also prevent timely initiation or continuation of antiretroviral therapy in correctional settings. Unions usually put the goals of the institution above the needs of individual officers. (1) Words such as ALL, NEVER, NONE, and EVERY harden a statement and indicate there are no exceptions. Most, though not all, death row inmates spend_______hours a day in their cell. The recidivism rate in the United States is ______. Which of the following statements is true about a high percentage of lawsuits filed by inmates? The historical policy of American courts not intervening in the affairs of prison management was called? Juveniles can never be held in adult jails. Answer: Corrections officers are primarily concerned with custody and control. The use of___________in corrections and public policy is now considered the gold standard for policy and program development. Prison construction is estimated to be at______a year. The region of the country with the highest number of parolees is the ___________. [41] Fear of interpersonal violence, stigma, and lack of safety and privacy were cited as key reasons for HIV non-disclosure. "The taking on of the ways, mores, customs and general culture of the penitentiary" is known as? Persons with HIV who have incarceration periods for fewer than 7 days have the highest risk of treatment interruption; this is likely due to the chaotic nature of the jail setting, with rapid turnover, unpredictable lengths of stay, and lack of communication with regular care providers. C. Some officers become overly authoritarian and confrontational. A crime which is a violation of a local ordinance and is punishable by only a fine is called an? The ___________ constantly finds problems with the way the institution is run or with existing policies and rules. True or False? Expedited HIV care may be necessary for special clinical circumstances including acute HIV,an acute opportunistic infection, and HIV during pregnancy. Living in prison is fundamentally different from living in the free community in several ways. [26] Fewer than 30% of persons with HIV in the United States who enter the correctional system do so with an undetectable HIV RNA level. What is described as the secret exchange of goods and services among inmates? "Excessive bail shall not be required, nor excessive fines imposed, nor cruel and unusual punishment inflicted" is part of the____Amendment? At least_________ percent of the inmates who enter prisons eventually return to the community. August 24, 2017. having to admit more inmates than there is available space. [7] Epidemiologic surveys indicate the prevalence of HIV in 2015 was approximately 1.3% among inmates in correctional facilities, which is markedly higher than the 0.3 to 0.4% HIV prevalence in the general United States population. , which are essentially the same thing, both having a notion that the consequence of the act is the most important . One study on recidivism demonstrated that the inmates who adjusted most successfully to prison life ________ to life in the free community upon release. In the United States, the HIV prevalence among incarcerated individuals is 1.3%, which is more than three times higher than among the general population. Factors that, although not justifying or excusing action, may reduce the culpability of the offender are called? [21], Although consensual sex, rape, tattooing, and injection drug use occur within the correctional setting, available data suggest that most persons with HIV who are incarceratedacquired HIV prior to entering prison or, for those with multiple incarcerations, between periods of incarceration. Prosecutors have indicated they will seek life in prison . By law, antiretroviral therapy must be available to all inmates who have HIV. Although injection drug use may directly result in transmission of HIV, it is also associated with sexual activity that can increase the risk ofHIV acquisition. The process of changing criminal lifestyles into law-abiding ones by "correcting" the behavior of offenders through treatment, education or training is called? Medical evaluation including staging of HIV and diagnosis of comorbidities and opportunistic infections. The first historical phase of prison discipline, involving soiltary confinement in silence instead of corporal punishment was called the ____________. It is easy to state that one should not engage in sexual encounters, but it is harder to discuss and identify feelings that develop in correctional settings, such as transference and counter-transference feelings in a therapeutic relationship. Late in a basketball game, a team often intentionally fouls an opposing player in order to stop the game clock. [22], Many have called for a comprehensive strategy to help stop HIV transmission within the correctional system, through interventions such as voluntary counseling and testing, disease prevention education, and treatment for substance use disorders. Time taken off an inmate's sentence for participating in certain activities such as going to school, learning a trade and working inprison is called _____________. (2) Words such as SOMETIMES, MAY, GENERALLY, and POSSIBLY soften a statement and leave more room for the statement to be correct. The use of an opt-out HIV testing approach increases the number of persons tested for HIV when compared with use of opt-in HIV testing approach. [20], The landmark Supreme Court Estelle v. Gamble decision in 1976, which established that all incarcerated individuals have the right to adequate healthcare, provides the constitutional mandate for HIV care and access to treatment within the correctional setting. a) They have considerable discretion in discharing their duties within the constraints of rules, regulations, and policies. This graphic represents systematic review and data synthesis compiled up to January 13, 2015. poor, a high school dropout, unmarried, with children. The conditional release of a prisoner, prior to completion of the imposed sentenced, under the supervision of the stateis called________. You seem to have a popup blocker enabled. [26,49], Maintaining confidentiality in jails and prisons can be challenging since the health information of prisoners is not always considered a protected entity. Branding has been in use as a punishment since at least Roman times. Treatment by experts in HIV medicine is strongly correlated with better medical outcomes, so one solution to the knowledge gap has been to introduce HIV subspecialty care to the prison setting through telemedicine. 1 officer for every 6.35 inmates. Guidelines for correctional officers---e.g., always go to the aid of an officer in distress, don't "lug" drugs, don't rat on other officers---are all part of ______. The states of________,Georgia and Texas are making extensive use of communtity service. What is defined as a constellation of values, norms, and roles that regulate the way inmates interact with one another and with prison staff? A punishment that is grossly disproportionate to the offense as well as those that transgress today's broad and idealistic concepts of dignity, civilized standards, humanity and decency is said to be? [69,70] Adherence counseling is particularly important, as studies have demonstrated that adherence to antiretroviral therapy is low in persons who have experienced multiple incarcerations. The usual strategy is to intentionally foul the other team's worst free-throw shooter.

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